东周时期冀北山地玉皇庙文化的中原文化因素

THE CULTURAL ELEMENTS FROM THE CENTRAL PLAINS IN YUHUANGMIAO CULTURE DISTRIBUTED IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS IN NORTHERN HEBEI DURING THE EASTERN ZHOU PERIOD

目次一 玉皇庙文化所见中原式青铜器二 玉皇庙文化出土中原式青铜器的综合分析三

Through the studies on the origins and chronologies of the bronzes with styles of the Central Plains appeared in the remains of Yuhuangmiao Culture distributed in the mountain- ous areas in northern Hebei, this paper pointed out that the interactions of Yuhuangmiao Culture and the cultures in the Central Plains during the Eastern Zhou Period could be divided into two large stages. The first stage, which was from the later half of the mid Spring- and-Autumn Period to the late Spring-and-Autumn Period, was mainly the interactions between Yuhuangmiao Culture and the Jin State and the Luoyang region in the Central Plains, which were the royal metropolitan area of the Eastern Zhou, and the states in present-day Shandong represented by the Qi State; this kind of interaction was mostly conducted be- tween the high-ranking aristocrats of the peoples belonging to these cultures, and the inter- actions were reciprocal, the forms of which included marriage and warfare, etc. However, the elite class of the Yuhuangmiao Culture did not adopt the ritual functions of the bronze ritual vessels from the Central Plains; meanwhile, Yuhuangmiao Culture still kept its tradi- tional weapons and fighting methods. The second stage, which was in the early Warring- States Period, was mainly the interactions between Yuhuangmiao Culture and the split Jin State and the Luoyang region in the Central Plains and the Yan State, and the methods of the interactions were warfare, marriage, and perhaps gift presenting and trade, while in this period the interaction was rather one-way, which was the unilateral acceptance of the cul- tures from the Central Plains by the Yuhuangmiao Culture. The elite class of Yuhuangmiao Culture was not affiliated with the hierarchical system of the Central Plains and still kept the symbols of their original statuses and positions, but its members have completely approved the ritual system of the Central Plains in their minds. This staged change also matches the growth and decline of the relative strengths between the ethnic groups in the Northern Fron- tier Zone and the Central Plains during the Eastern Zhou Period.