阿多诺“文化工业”批判理论的困境与启示

The Theoretical Dilemma and Revelation of Adorno's Cultural Industry Critique

法兰克福学派早期理论家阿多诺一直对西方资本主义"文化工业"持批判态度。在他看来,"文化工业"实质上是资本主义极权统治的代名词,扮演着"社会水泥"的角色。阿多诺"文化工业"批判理论依然存在诸多问题:尚未揭示出资本主义基本矛盾,更未触及资本主义私有制;"文化工业"批判遮蔽了工具理性的积极价值;"文化工业"批判无视大众主体性等。处在现代化进程中的中国,需要进一步反思、批判阿多诺"文化工业"的思想,并以之为镜去观照中国特色社会主义文化建设的具体问题,重建属于自己的文化产业新格局。

The Frankfurt school early theorist Theodor W. Adorno holds a thorough critical at- titude towards the culture industry. In his view, the culture industry is essentially synonymous with capitalist totalitarian rule, playing the ＂social cement＂ role. In a sense, Adorno＇s critique and review are profound. However, compared to the Marx＇s critique of capital logic, Adorno＇s culture industry critique has the following shortcomings： it does not reveal the basic contradiction of capitalism and not touch the root of capitalist private ownership; it shadows the positive value of tool rationality; and it ignores the public subjectivity. In the process of modernization, China needs to regard Adorno＇s ＂culture industry＂ as dustry of his own. a mirror and rebuild the new pattern of culture industry of his own.