科学传播异化现象的理论透视

A Theoretical Analysis of Science Communication Alienation

科学传播异化现象是指以"科学传播"为名传播伪科学和反科学内容的现象。借鉴马克思劳动异化理论,科学传播异化形式可分为"科学传播产品的异化""科学传播活动本身的异化""科学家形象的异化"和"科学家、媒体人和受众之间关系的异化"。科学传播异化的产生受到科学知识的社会建构论影响,即把科学知识当作由媒介构建出来的社会现实,将媒体视为科学知识的主要建构者。从麦克卢汉的媒介理论,可以透视媒介形式本身可能引起科学传播异化的原因。这些理论透视有助于避免科学传播异化的发生,以保证科学传播的准确性和有效性。

Science communication alienation refers to the phenomenon of spreading pseudo-science and anti-science content in the name of science communication. According to the Marxist theory of labor alienation, science communication alienation can be divided into the alienation of science communication products, the alienation of science communication activity itself, the alienation of scientists＇ image, and the relationship alienation among scientists, the media and the audience. Generated by the impact of social constructivism of scientific knowledge, science communication alienation views scientific knowledge as the social reality constructed from the media and the media as a chief constructor of scientific knowledge. Based on McLuhan＇s media theory, it is the media form itself that may result in science communication alienation. An analysis of such theories helps to curb science communication alienation so as to ensure the accuracy and validity of science communication.