论中国乡村治理模式的历史演进

On the Evolution of Chinese Rural Governance Model

中国乡村治理模式的演进经历了1949年以前国家统治下的"县政绅治"、1949年之后国家主导下的"政社合一"和1978年以来国家治理下的"乡政村治"三个阶段。这一过程是从传统的政治统治转向政治管理最终过渡到现代的公共治理过程,内涵着国家与乡村社会关系的重大变化。特别是在社会主义新农村建设的伟大变革中,中国乡村治理模式又将迎来一次全新的嬗变,侧重政府主导作用下的"多元共治",推动政府与农民的现代转型,推进乡村治理体系与治理能力的现代化,最终实现乡村社会的"善治"。

Evolution of Chinese rural governance model has gone through three stages： the first stage is ＂county regime-gentry rule＂ under the govern of the country before 1949; the second stage is ＂integration-politices-and-commume＂ under the management of country after 1949; and the last is ＂town regime-villager self-rule＂ under the governance of country since 1978. This process is turning to modem public governance, which reflects the significant changes between national and rural socail relations. Especially in the great change of constructing new socialist countryside in the new era, Chinese rural governance model will usher in a completely new evolution which focusing on ＂multiple co-governance＂ under the leading role of government, promoting the modem transformation of the government and farmers, carrying on modernization of rural governance system and governance capabilities and ultimately realizing ＂good governance＂ of rural society.