法律论证的规范性融贯研究

On the Normative Coherence of Legal Argument

法律论证面向现实生活,需要具备严格的逻辑语言和规范的思维导向,因而无论是基础主义还是融贯论都对法律论证具有关键作用。从论辩规划的整体性来考量,融贯论能够为思维和言说提供一种秩序层面上的评断标准。规范性融贯不同于叙述性融贯和规范的一致性问题。规范体系、理念、构成,乃至价值期待的融贯为表面上及其复杂的制度系统提供了一种"秩序",从而有助于实现论证前提在规范层面上的明确性、清晰性,论证进程在逻辑体系上的连贯性、融洽性,论证结论在效力保障上的说服力。法律论证中的规范性融贯作为一种理论层面的标准,离不开语用学依托实践对言说实践进行考察的思维和进路。

Legal argument confronts real life, requiring strict logical language and normative oriented thinking, therefore both foundationalism and coherence are critical for legal argument. From the consideration of integrality of argument programme, coherence theory could provide an judging criteria on level of order for thinking and discourse. The normative coherence is quite different from narrative coherence and normative consistency. The coherence of normative system, ideas, constitution and value expectation has provided an order for the complicated normative system, thus would contribute to the definition and clarity of premises on the normative level, to the consistency and harmony on logical system of argumentation, also to the persuasion of conclusion on the level of guarantee of effectiveness. As an theoretical standard, normative coherence of legal argument cannot do without pragmatics which explores the practical discourse.