美国遗嘱撤销制度及其对我国的立法启示

Revocation of American Wills and It's Enlightment for our Country's Legislation

美国遗嘱撤销制度主要源自美国的判例法、州法和《统一遗嘱检验法》。美国遗嘱撤销制度的核心是遗嘱的撤销方式、遗嘱撤销的法律后果,遗嘱的效力恢复三大基本内容。其中遗嘱撤销方式涵盖了法定撤销、遗嘱人撤销和法律推定撤销三大情形。内容丰富详尽。遗嘱撤销后相关财产权益的处分方式,对遗嘱人配偶及子女权益的保护以及遗嘱效力的恢复等制度设计科学合理,对构建我国遗嘱撤销制度极具启示意义。

The system of revocation of American wills mainly derives from case law, state law, and 〈 Uniform probate law 〉. The core of revocation of American wills includes ways of revocation, legal consequences of revocation and revival of revoked wills. The ways to revoke wills such as revocation by operation of law, revocation by testator and presumptions of revocation are diverse. In addition, the disposition on the relative property, the protection of the testator＇ s spouse and child, and the rules of revival of revoked wills are also diverse. All above may provide beneficial model and enlightment for our country in terms of constructing the system of revocation of wills.