课外补习对义务教育留守儿童学业成绩的影响研究

The Impact of Private Tutoring on Left-Behind Students' Academic Achievements in Chinese Compulsory Education

本文利用2013年全国六省市义务教育阶段学生课后活动基线调查数据,比较了留守儿童与非留守儿童在参与课外补习活动上的差异,探讨了课外补习对留守儿童学业成绩的影响。研究得出以下主要结论:留守儿童的学业成绩显著低于非留守儿童;留守儿童比非留守儿童更加积极地参加课外补习;课外补习有助于学校质量较高、成绩较好的留守儿童缩小其与非留守儿童的成绩差距,但对学校质量和成绩较差的留守儿童缩小其与非留守儿童的成绩差距帮助不大。因此,学校和家长需要重视留守儿童与非留守儿童的学业成绩差距,为不同类型留守儿童提供不同方式的学习援助,帮助他们缩小与非留守儿童学业成绩的差距。

Based on the data of students' after-school activities baseline survey in compulsory education level across six target regions in 2013,this article compares the differences between students who have been left behind at home and who are not privately tutored.It also examines the impacts of private tutoring on students' academic achievements.The main research conclusions are as follows.First,the academic achievements of students who have been left behind at home are significantly lower than those who are not.Second,the students who have been left behind at home are more likely to have private tutoring than those who are not.Third,private tutoring helps narrow the achievement gap between children who are not left behind,and leftbehind children with good performance or who attend high quality schools.However,private tutoring is of little help to the left-behind children with poor performance or who attend low quality schools.Therefore,we need to provide different teaching methods for different types of left-behind children,and to help narrow their academic achievement gap to the children who are not left behind.