论弗兰克·莫莱蒂进化论文学史观

On Franco Moretti's Evolutionary Theory of Literary History

后马克思主义文论家弗兰克·莫莱蒂借助生物学家达尔文、古尔德、阿格尔等人的理论,倡导建构一种进化论的文学史。他的达尔文式文学史既阐释文类、物种、文本等宏观层面的进化,亦关注发生在单个文本内部的微观变化。他着重阐释了文学史演化理论的三个方面:动力、形态(节奏)、功能。

Franco Moretti bases his viewpoint of literary history on the theories of biologists such as Darwin, Stephen Jay Gould and Derek Victor Ager. He proposes an evolutionary theory of literary history. His Darwinian patterns not only explain the macroscopic changes of genre, species and text, but also refer to microcosmic changes within a single text. He particularly aims at an interpretation of three aspects of evolutionary theory of literary histo- ry, including drive, morphology （rhythm） and function.