工作模式对公共汽车驾驶员疲劳程度的影响

Impacts of Working Time Arrangements on the Fatigue Levels of Bus Drivers

疲劳驾驶对公共汽车行车安全具有很高的风险。为制定合理的公共汽车驾驶员工作时间安排,采用对照试验的方法研究不同工作模式对驾驶员疲劳程度的影响。选择哈尔滨市1条公交线路开展驾驶实验研究,以14名公共汽车驾驶员为研究对象,根据工作模式的不同分为实验组和对照组。采用斯坦福嗜睡量表记录驾驶员的主观疲劳程度,选择反应时和PERCLOS表征驾驶员的警觉性水平。采用单因素方差分析法分析各个指标随驾驶时间变化的显著性。实验结果表明,连续驾驶时间对公共汽车驾驶员的疲劳程度和警觉性水平有显著影响,两种工作模式对驾驶员疲劳测评指标的影响显著不同。

Fatigue driving brings high risks to bus operational safety. In order to make reasonable sched-ules for bus drivers, this paper investigates the impacts of different working time arrangements on the fa-tigue levels of bus drivers using the comparison experiment method. By dividing 14 bus drivers on a bus line into experiment and comparison groups with different working time arrangements, the paper conducts an experiment in Harbin. The experiment records the subjective fatigue level of drivers using the Stanford Sleepiness Scale （SSS）, while measures the level of driver alertness using two indicators：reaction time and Percentage of Eyelid Closure over the Pupil over Time （PERCLOS）. Based on one-way ANOVA, the paper analyzes the significance of individual indicators’ change with driving time. Results show that continu-ous driving time has significant impact on the level of fatigue and alertness for bus drivers and the influ-ence of the two working time arrangements on the fatigue levels of drivers are significantly different.