赴国外不同类型灾害条件下儿童医学救援流程的初步探讨

Preliminary investigation on pediatric medical relief procedure under different disaster conditions overseas

目的探讨赴国外不同类型灾害条件下儿童医学救援的流程和内容。方法以《INSARAG指南和方法》为依据,结合3次赴国外灾难救援的实践和数据,对儿童医学救援的流程和内容进行回顾性归纳和整理。结果国际灾害儿童医学救援流程由5个阶段组成,即准备阶段、动员阶段、行动阶段、撤离阶段和总结阶段。准备和总结阶段是在非灾害响应时期研究和总结救援经验,修改救援流程和内容;动员和撤离阶段是灾害响应时期人员和物资集结的过程;行动阶段是灾害响应时期搜索营救和医学救援的过程。结论国际儿童医学救援有其特有的流程和内容,规范化的流程可以提高救援效率,对国内灾害医学救援具有借鉴和指导意义。

Objective To preliminarily investigate on pediatric medical relief procedure under different disaster conditions overseas. Methods Based on INSARAG Guidelines and Methods, and experiences of performing disaster relief operation abroad for 3 times and its data, the process and contents of medical rescue for children were retrospectively summarized and finishing. Results In- ternational children disaster medical rescue process consists of five stages： preparation stage, mobilization stage, action stage, evacua- tion stage and summing-up stage. Preparation and summing-up stage is focused on studying and summing up the experiences of rescue during the non-disaster-response period, modifying the rescue process and contents; Mobilization and evacuation stage is the process of disaster response time, and personnel and supplies rallied meanwhile. Action stage is the search and rescue process of disaster re- sponse, as well as medical relief process. Conclusions International medical relief procedure for children has its unique processes and contents. Standardization of the procedure can improve the efficiency of medical relief for children domestically, and it has refer- ence and guiding significance to national disaster medical relief work.