体外冲击波碎石术治疗尿路结石患者的并发症分析及护理评价

Analysis of the Complications of Urinary Calculi Patients Treated by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and the Nursing Evaluation

目的探讨体外冲击波碎石术治疗尿路结石的并发症和护理干预效果,以供参考。方法将2012年6月—2013年5月在该院接受体外冲击波碎石术治疗尿路结石期间发生并发症的76例患者纳入该研究。分析术后并发症引起的情绪问题及相应的护理措施。对比护理干预前后患者情绪状态的变化。结果患者干预前SAS评分为(53.74±4.23)分,干预后下降至(45.13±3.57)分;患者干预前SDS评分为(55.78±4.68),干预后下降至(46.35±4.10)分。与护理干预前对比,我们发现护理干预后患者SAS评分、SDS评分均明显下降,差异经统计学分析后认为有意义,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论体外冲击波碎石治疗尿路结石可引起皮肤损伤、血尿、肾绞痛、发热、输尿管石街等并发症,导致不良的情绪状态,对发生上述并发症患者实施相应的护理干预可缓解焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪,对术后康复进程有益。

Objective To investigate the complications of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of urinary calculi and the effect of nursing intervention for reference. Methods 76 urinary calculi patients suffered from complications during the treatment of extracorporea; shock wave lithotripsy from June 2012 to May 2013 in our hospital were included in this study. The emotional problems caused by the postoperative complications and the corresponding nursing measures were analyzed. The emotional state of the patients before and after the nursing intervention was compared. Results Before the intervention, the SAS score was （53.74 ± 4.23） points, which decreased to （45.13 ± 3.57） points after the intervention; the SDS score of the patients was （55.78±4.68） points before the intervention, which decreased to （46.35 ± 4.10） points after the intervention. After the nursing intervention, it was found that the SAS score and SDS score of the patients significantly decreased compared with those before the nursing intervention, the differences were considered significant after statistical analysis （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of urinary calculi can cause skin damage, hematuria, renal colic, fever, ureteral steinstrasse and other complications, which can lead to bad mood. Corresponding nursing intervention given to the patients with the above complications can ease anxiety, depression and other negative emotions of the patients, which is conducive to the postoperative process of rehabilitation.