多官能度噁唑烷的合成及其改性聚氨酯材料

Synthesis of Polyoxazolidines and Their Application in Polyurethane Modification

合成了2,2-二甲基-N-羟乙基-1,3-噁唑烷(OX),并以其为结构单元合成了2种多官能度的噁唑烷化合物——丙二酸二-2,2-二甲基-N-羟乙基-1,3-噁唑烷酯(OX1)和1,1,5,5-戊烷端四甲酸四-2,2-二甲基-N-羟乙基-1,3-噁唑烷酯(OX2).采用13C核磁共振谱、质谱、元素分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱对产物结构进行表征,并探索了产物用于单组份湿固化聚氨酯(SPU)体系的潜固化剂性能.研究了固化体系的表观性能、力学性能和热性能.结果表明:纯湿固化SPU发泡且膨胀,拉伸强度为3.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为364%;而SPU-OX2固化体系的拉伸强度达27.2 MPa,是纯SPU固化体系拉伸强度(3.2 MPa)的9倍;SPU-OX2固化体系断裂伸长率达457%,是纯SPU固化体系断裂伸长率(364%)的1.26倍.聚氨酯中加入噁唑烷OX1和OX2为潜固化剂,不仅较好改善了聚氨酯的表观性能,而且增加了聚氨酯预聚体的力学性能和热稳定性.

2,2-Dimethyl-N-hydroxyethyl-1,3-oxazolidine （OX） and two kinds of poly-oxazolidines based on OX ：malonic acid diethyl-2,2-dimethyl-N-hydroxyethyl-1,3-oxazolidine ester （ OX1 ） and 1,1,5,5-pentane end tetraearboxylic acid tetra-2,2-dimethyl-N-hydroxyethyl-1,3-oxazolidine ester （OX2 ） have been designed and successfully synthesized. Their structures have been confirmed by 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, elemental analysis and FTIR. Their applications as latent curing agents in single component polyurethane （SPU） systems have been investigated. The results show that the SPU system cured in air without oxazolidine forms lots of foaming and can be swelled,its tensile strength is 3.2 MPa and the elongation at break is 364%. However,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the SPU system cured with the synthesized OX2 can reach 27.2 MPa and 457% ,about 9 times and 1.26 times as compared with those the cured SPU system without OX,respectively. The addition of the synthesized OX1 or OX2 can greatly improve the apparent performance, mechanical properties and thermal stability properties of the cured SPU system.