训练课RPE在短距离自行车训练负荷监控中的应用

Application of Session-RPE to the Load Monitoring in the Training of Track Sprint Cycling

目的:采用训练课RPE对自行车短距离项目场地专项、素质力量和公路有氧训练课的负荷水平进行监测,比较不同水平、不同性别运动员的评分差异。方法:上海自行车队短组运动员8名,其中男子6名,女子2名。赛前4周共完成16节场地专项训练课、8节素质力量训练课和7节有氧训练课。采用Borg的11分量表对运动员单节训练课的自感劳累水平进行评分,训练课RPE由RPE乘以训练课时间进行计算,分别统计单日及每周训练课RPE(sRPE)总和。采用Pearson相关对单日sRPE与次日晨尿PH和SG的相关性进行检验。结果:总sRPE在赛前4周逐渐下降,场地专项和素质力量训练sRPE分别在第3周(W3)和第2周(W2)达到较高水平,4周期间有氧训练sRPE维持在较低水平;后两周3组运动员sRPE总体上表现出E-Female>N-Male>E-Male的变化趋势;仅女运动员的尿比重(SG)与sRPE存在低度相关,其它指标均未见显著的相关关系。结论:训练课RPE是评价自行车短距离项目训练内部负荷的有效指标,但会受运动员不同运动水平的影响。

Objective：The purpose of this study is to apply session-RPE to the monitoring of the track speciifc training and strength of track sprint cycling and the load in road aerobic training so as to compare the difference between the athletes of different levels and genders. Method：6 male and 2 female cyclists of the sprint group of Shanghai Cycling Team were chosen as the subjects. 16 track speciifc training sessions, 8 strength training sessions and 7 aerobic training sessions were completed in the four weeks before the race. Borg’s RPE0-11 was applied to record the perceived exertion in the individual training session. Session-RPE was calculated through multiplying RPE by the duration time of the sessions.Everyday sRPE and the total of each week were calculated. Pearson＇s correlation was used in analyzing the relations between one day’s sRPE and morning urine PH or SG of the following day. Result：The weekly sRPE decreased gradually in the four weeks before the race. The weekly sRPE of speciifc track training and strength training reached a high level in week 3 and week 2. The weekly sRPE of aerobic training maintained a low level during the four weeks. In the last two weeks, sRPE of the three group athletes showed the variation trend of E-Female〉N-Male〉E-Male. The low correlation between sRPE and urine SG only existed in female cyclists. No other correlation was observed. Conclusion：Session-RPE is an effective index for evaluating the internal load of the track sprint cycling training, but may be inlfuenced by the different level of athletes.