宁夏回族与汉族农村妇女生存质量及影响因素分析

Health-related quality of life and its influencing factors among rural Hui and Han ethnicity women in Ningxia

目的评价宁夏回族与汉族农村妇女生存质量并探讨其影响机制。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,应用欧洲五维度生存质量测定量表(EQ-5D)中文版对913名宁夏固原市农村妇女生存质量进行测评。结果宁夏农村妇女生存质量各维度存在问题比例分别为8.7%、5.6%、14.8%、42.4%、32.1%,均高于全国女性常模,其中疼痛/不舒服与焦虑/沮丧问题最为多见,汉族妇女分别为37.6%、28.0%,回族妇女分别为46.0%、35.1%,回族存在问题比例较高;多元logistic回归分析结果显示,患有慢性病是影响农村妇女生存质量行动、自我照顾、平常活动、疼痛/不舒服、焦虑/沮丧各维度存在问题的主要因素,也是影响疼痛/不舒服与焦虑/沮丧维度民族差异的主要因素。结论宁夏农村妇女生存质量总体水平较低,回族表现较为突出;慢性病是影响生存质量及其民族差异的重要因素。

Objective To evaluate overall level and ethnic disparities in quality of life and related factors among rural women in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region（Ningxia）.Methods A survey was conducted among 913 rural women and Euro Qol（EQ-5D）was used to measure their quality of life.Results The respondents reported higher impairments in all dimensions of EQ-5D（8.7%,5.6%,14.8%,42.4%,and 32.1%,respectively）than the national norm for females,among which pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were most prevalent with a higher prevalence rate for Hui minorities（46.0% and35.1%,respectively）compared to those of Han women（37.6%and 28.0%,respectively）.Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that there were ethnic disparities in impairments for pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression that could be explained by the presence of chronic diseases and the presence of chronic diseases was a significant predictor for impairments in all five dimensions.ConclusionHealth-related quality of life（HRQoL）is poor among rural women in Ningxia and there are ethnic disparities in HRQoL.The presence of chronic diseases is a major influcing factor of HRQoL and ethnic disparities in HRQoL.