新泰市居民慢性非传染性疾病及危险因素分析

Prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases and their risk factors among residents in Xintai city

目的了解新泰市成人慢性非传染性疾病（以下简称慢性病）情况及其相关危险因素,为慢性病综合防治提供依据。方法 2013年5月,按照多阶段分层随机整群抽样原则,抽取山东省新泰市18~69周岁常住居民2 400人进行问卷调查、体格测量和生化指标检测,应用SPSS 16.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果共调查2 400人,回收有效问卷2 227份,其中农村居民1 486人,城区居民741人;男性1 093人,女性1 134人。新泰市18~69周岁成人高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病率分别为22.45%、5.61%、40.01%,均随年龄增长呈上升趋势,但男女性差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,高血压、糖尿病患病率城乡差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,血脂异常患病率城区高于农村（P〈0.05）;临界高血压、糖耐量低减、空腹血糖受损、超重、肥胖及中心性肥胖率分别为17.47%、9.03%、3.64%、48.14%、13.11%、63.22%;吸烟率、饮酒率、嗜盐率、体育锻炼率分别为34.13%、25.55%、87.56%、56.76%,男性吸烟率、饮酒率、嗜盐率均高于女性（P〈0.05）。结论新泰市成人高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病形势不容乐观,慢性病高危人群数量及高风险因素比例较大,应从控制体重、戒烟限酒、减盐等方面做起,开展社区慢性病综合防控。

Objective To examine the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases and their risk factors among adults in Xintai city,and to provide a basis for chronic disease prevention.Methods With multistage stratified cluster random sampling,2 400 residents living in Xintai city for more than6 months and aged18 to 69 years were selected for an investigation including aquestionnaire survey and anthropometric,biochemical tests.SPSS16.0 software was used in statistical analysis.Results Totally 2 227 valid questionnaires were collected,of which1486 from rural residents,741 from urban residents,1 093 from males,and 1 134 from females.Among the residents,the prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were 22.45%,5.61%,and 40.01%.The prevalence rates increased with the age and there were no differences in the rates between the male and female observed.The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes showed no difference between urban and rural residents（P〉0.05 for all）,but the prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in urban residents than in rural residents（P〈0.05）.The prevalence rate of critical hypertension,impaired glucose tolerance,impaired fasting glucose,overweight,obesity,and central obesity were 17.47%,9.03%,3.64%,48.14%,13.11%,and 63.22%;the rate of smoking,alcohol drinking,halophilic diet behavior,and physical exercise were 34.13%, 25.55%, 87.56%,and 56.76%,with higher rates in the males than in the females.Conclusion Hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia and their risk factors are prevalent among adults in Xintai city,suggesting comprehensive community intervention,especially on control of body weight, smoking, alcohol drinking,and salt consumption should be implemented.