998例维吾尔族及汉族溃疡性结肠炎的人口特征分析

Demographic analysis of 998 Uygur and Han patients with ulcerative colitis

目的分析新疆地区维吾尔族（维族）和汉族溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者的人口特征。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2012年12月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院998例维族和汉族UC的结肠镜检出率、性别、年龄、居住地、家族史和吸烟史等人口资料。结果10年间UC的总检出率为10．58％，检出率呈逐年增高趋势，维族检出率显著高于汉族（12．31％和9．01％，P〈0．05）。男性患者多于女性，维族男女性别比显著低于汉族（1．05：1和1．37：1，P〈0．05）。维族UC的确诊年龄显著低于汉族[（34．46±14．19）岁和（42．53±15．68）岁，P〈O．053。维族和汉族UC发病年龄高峰相同，均为30～39岁，维族以青少年（≤40岁）患者居多，而汉族以中老年（≥41岁）患者居多。城镇患者多于农村患者，维族农村患者比例显著高于汉族（29．53％和18．169／6，P〈0．05）。维族0．72％患者存在家族史，汉族患者均无家族史。维族患者吸烟人数显著高于汉族（19．75％和14．57％，P〈0．05）。结论2003年至2012年间UC的检出例数呈明显上升趋势，维族检出率明显高于汉族；维族和汉族UC均以男性多见，维族男女性别比明显小于汉族；维族和汉族UC发病年龄高峰均为30-39岁，维族平均年龄明显小于汉族，但汉族呈现出双高峰的年龄特征，而维族无；维族和汉族均以城镇患者多见，维族农村人口比例明显多于汉族；维族和汉族UC均缺乏家族聚集性特征；维族患者吸烟人数比例明显高于汉族。

Objective This paper analyzed the demographic date of Uygur and Han ulcerative colitis （UC） patients in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods Demographic date including detection rate, gender, age, residence, family history and smoking history of 998 Uygur and Han UC patients from January 2003 to December 2012 at the People＇s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were retrospectively analyzed. Results The total detection rate of UC was 10.58o/oo in ten years, which was increasing year by year. The detection rate of Uygur patients was significantly higher than Han patients （12.31% and 9.01 %, P〈0.05）. There were more male patients than female patients, and the male to female ratio of Uygur patients was significantly lower than that of Han nationality （1.05 ： 1 and 1.37 ： 1, P〈0.05）. The age of diagnosis of Uygur UC patients was significantly lower than that of Han nationality [（34.46 ± 14. 19） and （42.53 ± 15.68）, P〈0.05]. Uygur and Han patients had the same peak age of onset （30 to 39 years old）, the majority of the Uygur UC patients were young people （≤40 years）, but in Han nationality, the middle-aged and elderly patients （≥41 years） were the majority. There were more patients in urban areas than in rural areas and there were more Uygur patients than Han patients in rural areas （29.53% and 18.16%, P〈0.05）. 0.72% of Uygur patients had a family history, but all Han patients had no family history. There were significantly more Uygur patients who smoke was than H an patients （19.75 % and 14.57%, P〈0.05）. Conclusions There was an increase in the detection rate of UC cases from 2003 to 2012, and the detection rate of Han nationality is significantly higher than Uygur. The majority of Uygur and Han patients with UC are male, the sex ratio of Uygur patients is significantly smaller than Han patients. The peak age of onset is at the age of 30 to 39, the average age of Uygur patients is smaller than that of Han patients, age characteristics of Han patients presented a double peak. Most patients live in urban areas, and there are more Uygur patients than Han patients in rural areas. Neither UC patients of the two ethnic groups have familial aggregation. There are more Uygur patients who smoke than Han patients.