不同植物对煤矿废弃地土壤重金属富集转化规律

Accumulation and Transformation of Soil Heavy Metals in Different Plants of Abandon Coal Mine

于2008～2009年采取吉林省九台营城煤矿废弃地的复垦土和矸石土作为种植土壤,分别于试验小区内种植黄花草木樨（Melilotus officinalis Lam.）和紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）,研究植物不同营养器官对煤矿废弃地土壤重金属的富集转化规律.结果表明,两种植物对不同土壤重金属的富集能力不同.复垦土种植条件下,黄花草木樨的叶和茎、紫花苜蓿的根和叶对Zn、Cd、Ni和Cu富集能力较强;矸石土种植条件下,黄花草木樨的叶对Ni、Cd及Cu的富集能力较强,根对Zn的富集能力较强,紫花苜蓿的叶对4种重金属的富集能力均较强,且茎对Cu和Ni、根对Zn也存在一定的富集能力.

Taking the reclamation soil and rock soil as planting conditions, Melilotus suaveolens Lam. and Trifolium repens L. were selected to study the accumulation and transformation of soil heavy metals in 2008-2009. The results showed that two plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal had different capacity in different soils. The stems, leaves of Melilotus suaveolens and the leaves and roots of Trifolium repens had a strong enrichment ability towards Zn, Cd, Ni and Cu. The leaves of Melilotus suaveolens had a strong enrichment ability to Ni,Cd and Cu, the root of which had a strong enrichment ability against Zn. The leaves of Melilotus suaveolens enriched four metals while the stems of Trifolium repens enriched Cu, Ni and Zn.