社区服刑人员的社会融入与精神健康:基于上海的实证研究

The Social Integration and Mental Health of Offenders in the Community:Evidence from Shanghai

十多年来,社区矫正制度在中国获得了快速发展。学界对这一制度的运作进行了大量研究,但对社区服刑人员的精神健康问题关注不足。本文基于对上海多阶段分层随机抽样的调查数据来剖析这一群体的精神健康状况。研究发现,女性和判处缓刑的社区服刑人员精神健康状况更差。社会融入压力对精神健康既存在直接影响,也通过社会支持、矫正态度等不同路径产生间接影响。这对矫正社会工作的启示在于,不仅要从外部因素入手建构相应的社会支持系统,更要充分发挥社区服刑人员的主体作用,使之形成积极、主动的矫正态度,这是改变他们的精神健康状况、提高他们复归社会的效率、实现社区矫正目标的关键所在。

Community correction system in China has been developing rapidly for more than ten years, and a large range of literature concerns the system operation, yet mental health issue of offenders in the community has not been focused. This research aims to explore this group＇s mental health status based on the survey data from Shanghai. A survey design with multi-stage stratified random sampling was used. The study found that the female and probationers＇ mental health status is worse. Social integration stress has both direct and indirect impact on mental health by different paths through social support and correction attitude.