信息化条件下交通拥堵瓶颈识别与扩散判别

Evaluating the Impacts of Travel Information on Urban Traffic Congestion Propagation and Bottlenecks Identification

为了有效地甄别网络交通拥堵瓶颈、改善交通运行状况和预防交通拥堵扩散,考虑交通信息的影响效用,构建了基于路径选择行为的网络交通拥堵扩散模型,该模型包含描述交通流在路段上扩散的交通分配模型和表征交通信息对路段交通流影响的路径选择行为模型两部分,以Nguyen-Dupius经典网络为例,模拟仿真了不同交通需求水平下网络交通拥堵瓶颈扩散与识别,并对比分析有无信息提供条件下交通拥堵扩散规律.结果表明,交通需求水平连续增长是诱发交通拥堵的最直接因素;交通拥堵瓶颈形成与扩散不仅取决于路段在网络上所处位置和交通需求,还取决于交通信息提供与否;但是交通信息的提供在某种程度上可以改善当前交通状况.

To identify network bottlenecks effectively is a foundational work for improving network traffic condition and preventing traffic congestion.A congestion propagation model of urban network traffic is proposed based on route choice model concerning travel information.The proposed model includes traffic assignment model,which describes flow propagation on links,and route choice model,which represents link flow influenced by travel information.A numerical example is studied in Nguyen-Dupius urban traffic network.The proposed model is employed in simulating network traffic congestion propagation and congestion bottleneck identification under different traffic demands.The impacts of information on the network performance are determined by comparing the results of simulation with-information to without-information.The simulation results show that continual increase of traffic demand is an immediate factor in network congestion bottleneck emergence and increase as well as reducing network collectivity capability.However,traffic conditions of the former is better than the latter,meanwhile,information provision can ameliorate the existing traffic conditions but depending upon the level of congestion.Whether a particular link will become a bottleneck is mainly determined by travel information,its position in network,and its traffic flow component.