圆盘剪主轴刚度分析及结构优化

Rigidity analysis and structure optimization of disc shear main shaft

中厚板圆盘剪剪切能力的不足严重制约了钢铁企业的中厚板精整的能力和质量。通过对剪切主轴进行受力分析,发现主轴和剪刃的刚度不足是制约剪切能力提高的主要因素。为此,建立了主轴系变形的简支梁计算模型,提出了把主轴剪切端的双列调心滚子轴承改为双列圆锥滚子轴承、减少剪刃的悬伸量,并在不改变主轴箱体尺寸的前提下适当增加轴径的解决方案。采用有限元计算模型对该方法进行了验证,实例分析显示,在剪切Q235厚30mm钢板时,优化后的主轴系剪刃间隙和重合度变化量只有优化前的约1/5和1/2,轴承的承载能力也完全满足需要。此方法在某钢厂中厚板圆盘剪改进中得到应用并取得很好效果,为同类圆盘剪的改进提供了理论基础和新的思路。

The capacity and product quality of the iron and steel enterprises are usually severely restricted by inadequate ca- pacity of disc shear in plate finishing line. The main reason was found, which was the insufficient rigidity of disc shear main shaft. So, in the premise of not changing the size of the main shaft box, all of bearing types on the main shaft were al- tered from double-row self-aligning roller bearing to double row tapered roller bearings, the shaft diameter was increased appropriately and the overhang of cutting edge was decreased. By means of finite element analysis method, the beam defor- mation of main shaft was analyzed in an example of shearing 30mm thickness Q235 steel plate, it showed that the variation of the blade clearance and coincidence degree after structure optimization was about 1/5 and 1/2 of that one before the opti- mization. The carrying capacity of the bearing was also sufficient. This method was applied in a disc shear for steel plate, and good results were achieved. It provides a theoretical basis and new ideas for similar disc shear transformation.