结构方程模型在环境健康管理研究中的应用

Application of structural equation model in study of environmental health management

目的利用结构方程模型探讨现阶段政府、公众、企业及非政府组织(NGO)和社会团体对环境健康管理工作的影响程度,为制定相关政策提供参考。方法选择环境、卫生领域的172名从业者,就上述环境健康管理的主体及参与者对相应工作的影响开展问卷调查,利用结构方程模型,计算主体与参与者四者之间的相关系数及其对环境健康管理工作影响的路径系数。结果政府、公众、企业、NGO和社会团体两两之间存在正相关关系(P<0.01);并且现阶段政府、NGO和社会团体对环境健康管理工作有正向的影响(路径系数分别为0.470和0.231,P<0.05);公众和企业在现阶段对环境健康管理工作虽存在正向效应,但未见统计学意义(路径系数分别为0.136和0.111,P>0.05)。结论现阶段,政府、公众、企业、NGO和社会团体还未充分发挥其应有的作用,今后应努力建立起"政府主导,社会参与"的环境健康工作局面,从而推动管理工作有效的开展。

Objective To apply structural equation model to investigate the impact of the government, public, enterprise as well as the nongovernmental organizations （NGO） and society groups to environmental health management, so that to provide reference for policy-making. Methods A total of 172 practitioners of environmental health were investigated with questionnaires about the decision-makers and participants＇ influence on corresponding work, and structural equation model was used to compute the path coefficients of the decision-makers and participants to environmental health management. Results There were strong negative relations among the government, public, enterprise as well as NGO and society groups （P〈0.01）, and the government as well as the NGO and society groups had the forward influence on environmental health management （the path coefficients were 0.470 and 0.231 respectively, P〈0.05）. However, the public and enterprise had positive impact （the path coefficients were 0.136 and 0.111 respectively,P〉0.05）. Conclusion At present, the government, public, enterprise as well as the NGO and society groups are far from playing the due role in China. In future, great efforts to establish the work pattern of ＂the government leading, whole community participating in＂ should be made to promote the development of environmental health management.