不同砾石类型对工程堆积体侵蚀规律的影响

Effect of the Different Kinds of Gravels on Soil Erosion of Spoilbank

以工程堆积体中坡顶平台有车碾压形态为基本下垫面,在模拟不同降雨强度条件下对含有2种不同粒径的砾石类型堆积体的侵蚀产沙规律进行研究。结果表明:砾石类型的不同对工程堆积体坡面产流产沙的机制影响不大,即不同砾石类型的工程堆积体的径流率、侵蚀速率以及径流含沙量随降雨时间的延续表现出极其相似的规律;但是从量上来说,大石块堆积体的平均径流率以及平均产沙率均要比小石块堆积体的大(当降雨强度为2.5mm/min时,大石块堆积体的平均径流率是小石块的1.14倍;当降雨强度为1.0mm/min时,大石块堆积体的平均侵蚀速率是小石块的1.21倍);同时对大小石块堆积体总产沙量和总径流量进行分析发现其差值均与降雨强度呈明显的线性关系。

A type of spoilbank（rolling compaction by construction machinery at the top of slope）was selected to study the law of soil erosion process that affected by two kinds of gravels in indoor rainfall experimental condition.The results showed that the difference of gravels had a little influence on the erosion mechanism.While it really made difference when it came to the quantity.When the rainfall intensity was 2.5mm/min,the average runoff rate of the spoilbank which consisted of larger gravel was 1.14 times more than that of the spoilbank that consisted of smaller gravel.And the mean erosion rate of the spoilbank which consisted of larger gravel was 1.21 times more than that of the spoilbank that consisted of smaller gravel.What is more,the gap of both the total sediment yield and the runoff volume between the two types of spoilbank accorded with linear correlation with rainfall intensity significantly.