自然降雨条件下玉米与不同作物间套作的氮损失特征

Nitrogen Loss in the Different Maize Intercropping on Surface Runoff Under the Natural Rainfall Conditions

采用自然降雨条件下南方丘陵山地典型区域田间小区试验,研究玉米与不同作物间套作对旱地径流中不同形态氮素养分损失的影响。结果表明:玉米与其他作物间套作较玉米单作能更有效减少旱地径流中不同形态氮素养分的损失。相对于玉米单作而言,玉米/大豆间作效果最佳,其控制TN流失浓度和流失负荷分别可达64.13%,74.4%;TDN流失浓度及流失负荷方面则分别减少58.12%,70.82%;NO-3-N分别减少63.36%,69.78%;NH+4-N分别减少65.65%,83.86%;而玉米/红薯套作整体效果其次,但减少PN流失负荷达75.16%。

According to the field plot test which was the typical southern hilly mountain area under the condition of natural rainfall,the analysis of maize with different crops against the dry land runoff nutrient was made in the influence of different forms of nitrogen loss.The results showed that the corn and other crops intercropping could more effectively reduce the different forms of nitrogen in dry land runoff nutrient losses.Relative to the maize monoculture,maize/soybean intercropping effect was the best,the loss of TN concentration and the loss load could reach to 64.13%and 74.4%respectively,TDN loss concentration and load reduced by58.12%,70.82%,respectively,NO-3-N decreased by 63.36%,69.78%,NH＋4-N decreased by 65.65%and 83.86%respectively.And the second was corn/sweet potato intercropping effect which decreased the PN loss load by 75.16%.