基于星上动态指令调度的卫星使用效能提升技术

Satellite Utility Improvement Technique Based on Dynamic On-board Command Scheduling

针对传统任务管理模式采用静态约束指令序列导致卫星使用效能的不足,提出一种基于有向图模型的动态约束自适应任务管理方案。采用面向用户的星地任务控制接口,利用地面仿真和星上实时遥测获取任务运行过程的动态约束参数,星载计算机据此动态生成任务指令序列。针对某高性能光学卫星的仿真试验表明,与传统任务管理模式相比,卫星操作接口复杂度减少88.5%,任务注入效率提升699%,有效载荷数据传输效率提升10%,全球数据获取能力提升11%,对我国区域的实时数据获取能力提升100%。方案对遥感卫星在轨运行管理具有借鉴意义。

The utilization of pre-set command sequences based on static constraints results in utility degradation for traditional Earth-observation-satellite mission management scheme.To solve this problem,a dynamic-constraint-orientated adaptive mission management scheme based on the directed graph model is proposed in this paper.Dynamic constraint parameters are calculated by using the ground simulation combined with real-time telemetry data from on-board circuit.Based on these constraints and user-orientated mission control interfaces between the space segment and the ground segment,the command sequences are dynamically generated by the on-board computer.The simulation result for an Earthobservation-satellite shows that compared with the conventional scheme,user-orientated control interface complexity can be reduced by 88.5％,effective command uplink rate can be improved by 699％,effective payload data transmission rate can be improved by 10％,global data acquisition capability can be improved by 11％,and real-time data acquisition capability can be improved by 100％ in China.The proposed dynamic constraint-orientated adaptive mission management scheme has great potential in Earth-observation-satellite on-orbit operation.