精神分裂症患者面孔整体加工与执行功能的相关性

Relationship between face holistic processing and executive function in schizophrenic patients

目的 比较精神分裂症患者与正常人对面孔整体加工的差异,探讨整体加工与执行功能间的关系.方法 采用合成面孔任务（CFT）对56名未用药精神分裂症患者和54名正常人进行测试,同时做威斯康辛卡片分类任务（WCST）和数字广度测验（DS）评估.结果 患者组CFT的合成面孔效应分数（CFEs）[（-2.75±0.72）分]、正确率[（68.13±17.26）％]和DS得分[（19.73±4.38）分]低于正常组[分别为：（0.14±0.58）分、（83.61±10.48）％和（24.33±2.08）分],CFT的平均反应时[（7015±3685） ms]和WCST的持续性错误数[（27.45±15.67）个]高于正常组[分别为：（4095±1883） ms和（11.93±8.87）个],均差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患者组CFT的正确率与WCST的持续性错误数（r=-0.339,P＜0.01）和DS得分（r=0.314,P＜0.05）的相关性有统计学意义,CFT的CFEs和平均反应时与WCST的持续性错误数和DS得分的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 精神分裂症患者存在面孔整体加工损伤,面孔加工准确性的降低可能与执行功能受损有关.

Objective To compare the levels of face holistic processing in schizophrenic patients with those in normal population,and to explore the relationship between holistic processing and executive function.Methods A total of 56 schizophrenic patients and 54 healthy subjects were assessed with the Composite Face Test （CFT）,Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST） and Digit Span Test （DS）.Results The composite face effect score（CFEs） （-2.75±0.72）,accuracy （（68.13±17.26）%） and score of digit span（19.73±4.38） in the patients group were significantly lower than those in the control group （respectively （0.14±0.58）,（83.61± 10.48） % and （24.33±2.08））,the average response time of CFT （（7015±3685） ms） and the score of preservative error（27.45± 15.67） of WCST in the patients group were significantly higher than those in the control group （（4095 ± 1883）ms and （11.93±8.87）） （P〈0.05）.The accuracy in CFT showed significantly correlation with the score of preservative error（r=-0.339,P〈0.01） and DS（r=0.314,P〈0.05）in the patient group,while CFEs and average response time had no significant statistical meaning of correlation with the score of preservative error and DS（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia have deficits in face holistic processing,maybe there is correlation between face processing and executive function.