贝类设施养殖工程的研发现状和趋势

Applications and prospects of shellfish facility farming project

综述了开展贝类设施养殖的重要性。介绍了国内外贝类设施养殖产业的发展现状及趋势;列举了我国在贝类设施养殖方面与国外先进技术的差距,包括养殖设施、设备相对落后,机械化、自动化程度不高,水处理技术设备落后,基本为流水式开放系统等;提出了贝类设施养殖产业今后发展的重点任务应主要集中于贝类养殖设施装备与技术的建立和完善,养殖工厂设施设备及生产工艺的标准化设计,贝类养殖适宜生态环境条件的工程调控与优化等,在基础研究方面应重视工程设计的技术原理、贝类生长发育对环境因子胁迫的响应及适应机制、贝类—环境—设施系统综合调控机理研究等。

This paper summarized the importance of shellfish facilities farming project,pointing out its currentsituation and tendencies of international development,and listing our gap and problems comparing to othercountries’ advanced aquaculture facilities in shellfish.Most importantly,it also puts forward the prospects ofthe industry,and the directions and key tasks in shellfish aquaculture.Chinahas gained a lot progress inshellfish facilityaquaculture,while there is still a long way between China and the developed countries,e.g.the lagging facilities,the low level mechanization and automation,and the outmoded water processingequipment,etc.Therefore,the main tasks in the future should be concentrated on establishing and optimizingthe facilities and techniques of shellfish aquaculture,standardizing the design of facilities and management,and also the regulation and improvement of ecological shellfish aquaculture environment.In the aspect of basicstudy,more attention should be paid to the mechanism and theory for the engineering design,the interaction oforganism and environment stress,and also the regulating mechanism of shellfish-environment-facility system.