原子尺度摩擦研究进展

RECENT PROGRESS IN ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION

原子尺度摩擦问题是纳米摩擦学研究的重要组成部分,也是近年来备受关注的热点问题之一.原子尺度摩擦规律与宏观摩擦显著不同,涉及更为复杂的力学机理,受多种因素影响,呈现出许多特有的现象和特点.论文结合近年来无磨损原子尺度干摩擦领域的研究进展,简要介绍了现阶段原子尺度摩擦的主要研究手段和方法,概括了载荷、温度、相对速度以及表面特征等因素对摩擦规律的影响,归纳了原子尺度摩擦中特有的一些力学现象,并对未来该领域需要特别关注的问题做了初步展望.

Atomic-scale friction is one of the hot topics in nanotribology.A great number of studies have shown that the behavior of atomic-scale friction is obviously different from that of macroscopic friction,which creates a big attraction for the mechanics community.In this article,we review the recent progress in atomic-scale friction.We first introduce the main approaches that are commonly used in studying atomic-scale friction.Then,we pay special attention to some key factors that have significant influences on the atomic-scale friction,such as load,temperature,speed,surface configuration,etc;and to some novel phenomena that can only be observed at the nano-scale,such as superlubricity,negative friction coefficient,edge effect,etc.Finally,we give a brief perspective to the future study on the atomic-scale friction.