关系中的权力再生产

Reproduction of Power in Relationship

权力秩序的本质在于不平等,但是这种不平等不是天生的,而是需要后天持续锻造的,这就涉及关系中的权力再生产问题。权力的再生产只有贯彻到关系之中,落实到人与人的差异上,这样的权力秩序才是稳固的。关系中的不平等、不对称既是权力的来源,也是权力的结果,权力再生产的奥秘就在于反复持续地锻造关系中的区隔、不平等。权力再生产的具体策略有三:运用恩德的符号暴力,关系式权威的树立与强化,关系权力的姿态固化,它们分别锻造了权力生态中的吸引力、推力以及自然服从的习性。中国的权力问题从根源上讲乃是一个关系问题,权力铸造了关系,而关系又再生了权力。理解关系中权力再生产策略对于理解中国人的行为非常关键,对于推动当下中国的制度建设也具有很强的现实意义。

Relationship contains both the elements of equality and symmetry, and the elements of inequality and asymmetry, which requires the perspective of power for studies on relationship. The essence of power order is inequality, yet this inequality is not innate, but conditioned and sustained after acquisition, which involves the issue of power reproduction in relationship. Only when the reproduction of power is implemented in relationship, and solidified in interpersonal differ- ences, can such power order be valid. The inequality and asymmetry in relationship is both the source of power and the re- sult of power, and the secret of power reproduction is the continuous forging and segregation and inequality in relationship. There are three concrete strategies for power reproduction ： application of Ende＇s symbolic violence, establishment and rein- forcement of relation-based authority, and the stance solidification of relationship-based power. These strategies have forged the appeal, drive and natural obedience in power ecology. The issue of power in China is in essence an issue of relation- ship, because while power forges relationship, relationship can regenerate power in turn. The understanding of the strategy for power reproduction in relationship is vital to the understanding of Chinese people＇s behavior, and is of great practical significance in driving the institutional building in China.