公共政策的三重异化:表现、原因及治理

On Triple Alienations of Public Policy:Demonstration,Causes and Treatment

公共政策作为价值的权威性分配工具,存在三重异化情景:公共性困局、短视效应与工具理性的霸权。三重异化均会对公共政策本体、政策系统甚至政治系统带来不同程度的侵害,并在最终结果上带来公共利益的净损失。现实中造成公共政策异化的原因主要有:政策主体"自利性"驱使、科学性与民主性的失衡、价值的错位选择等。因此,要保障公共政策系统运作质量的螺旋式上升及政治系统合法性的巩固,必须通过培育和强化政策主体的公共精神、寻求政策科学性与民主性的平衡及建立合理的价值甄选机制等途径来有效地治理公共政策的异化现象。

Public policy, as the authoritative allocation tool of value, presents triple alienations ： public plight, shortsighted effect, and hegemony based on instrumental rationality. The triple alienation can bring damages of various degrees to the public policy itself, policy system, and even the political system, and consequently bring net losses to public inter- ests. In reality, alienations of public policy are caused by the following factors： driving force of ＂Selfishness＂ in policy subject, imbalance between science and democracy, and misalignment in value selection. Therefore, to ensure the spiral ascent of operational quality of the public policy system and the consolidation of legitimacy of political system, it is necessary to effectively treat the alienations in public policy by cultivating and strengthening the public spirit of policy subject, seeking balance between science and democracy in policy affairs, and establishing reasonable value selection mechanism.