现代道德教育中的道德底线与道德至善

Reflection on the Relationship between Moral Bottom Line and Perfect Morality in Modern Moral Education

在当今多元异质的开放社会,存在着相互竞争的宗教传统和道德至善论,这种现象是现代社会一种正常状态和持久特征。以某一至善论为所有人规定一客观正确的道德至善和美好生活方式,既不再被现代心灵所接受,也会败坏人们的道德生活和人性。道德底线通过用最为基本的道德义务来对社会每一个成员的行为进行限制,从而为人类的生存构建了一个最为基本的防卫体系,也为人们能够自由而安全地追求自己所欲的人生理想和道德至善提供了保障。道德教育要做的是引导青少年在多元异质的社会里与他人进行平等开放的道德对话,在坚守道德底线的前提下寻求更加广阔的道德共识,自由地追求至善。

In today's diverse and open society,religious traditions and moral perfectionism compete against each other-a phenomenon which demonstrates a normal state and a lasting character of modern society.To provide everyone a unified and objective and perfect morality and a way of good life based on a certain theory is no longer acceptable to modern people' hearts; it would ruin people's moral life and human nature. Moral bottom line rule regulates every society member's behaviors by stipulating the least basic moral obligations,thereby building afundamental defense system for human to survive,at the same time ensuring people to pursue their life ideals and moral goodness freely and safely. Moral education needs to guide youths to make equal and open moral dialogues with other people in this diverse society,and to pursue wider moral consensus and ultimate good freely while holding on to moral bottom line.