外商直接投资、私有股权与劳动力质量——来自中国企业级数据的经验证据

Foreign Direct Investment,Private Shares and Quality of Labors:Empirical Evidence from China's Firm-level Data

随着外商直接投资流入我国的规模日益增加,企业如何更加有效地利用和吸收外资这一问题一直为学术界所关注。本文运用世界银行提供的企业微观数据对中国企业的私有股权和FDI溢出效应的关联性进行考察,实证分析表明,私有股份较高的企业拥有更为灵活的薪酬制度,FDI的流入有助于这些企业提高熟练劳动力的工资,从而改善了熟练劳动力,尤其是经理这种更为稀缺的劳动力的质量。同时,随着劳动力质量的提高,企业更能够通过后向关联效应从FDI溢出效应中获益。

With the rapid growth of scale of foreign direct investment flows into China, how to utilize and absorb FDI more effectively is a hot topic in the current academic circles.Using firm-level data conducted by the World Bank in 2001 ,this paper explores the relevance of private shares and the spillovers of FDI on Chi-nese enterprises.The empirical results show that with the more flexible salary system, enterprises which have higher private shares can provide higher wages of skilled labors with the presence of FDI, thereby improving the quality of the skilled labor, especially that of the managers that tend to be more scarce.Meanwhile, along with the improvement of the quality of labor, the enterprise can benefit from the spillovers of FDI through the effect of backward linkage.