货运蓄冷箱内温度场测试试验与数值仿真

Experimental Test and Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field Distribution inside Cool Storage Freight-freezer

为测试货运蓄冷箱在冷链易腐品运输中的冷藏效果,对配置蓄冷材料的集装箱在空箱、满载筐装货物和满载箱装货物3种模式下的内部温度场进行测试试验,并利用Fluent软件进行数值仿真.结果显示空箱内温度随室外综合空气温度变化,室外综合空气温度达到最高时,货物区温度分布为-4-2 ℃,箱顶温度较高,应限制货物码放高度;满载模式下,筐装货物区温度分布为-5-1 ℃,箱装货物区温度分布为-4-1 ℃,且均呈温度分层,中下部温度低,上部温度高,建议配置风机,强化冷空气对货物的冷却.试验和仿真结果为蓄冷箱性能优化和货运冷藏效果预测提供了参考.

In order to test the refrigeration effect of cool storage freight?freezer used in perishable goods transportation, experi?mental test and numerical simulation are conducted with Fluent software of temperature field distribution inside cool storage freight?freezer of no?load, full?load with cargo in baskets and full?load with cargo in cartons. The results show that temperature inside the no?load freezer undulates with outdoor integrated air temperature. When the outdoor integrated air temperature reaches the highest, tem?perature of cargo distributes from-4℃to 2℃and temperature of the top inside freezer is relatively high, so the goods stack height should be restricted;when the freezer is full?loaded with cargo, temperature distribution of the cargo in baskets varies from-5℃to 1℃, and the cargo in cartons varies from-4℃to 1℃, at the same time, temperature stratification of the cargo stack shows is pre?sented, namely temperature of the middle and lower goods is low while the upper is high, so the draught fan should be set in the freezer to improve the cooling effects by cold air. The results of the study offer a reference of optimization of cool storage freight?freezer and prediction of freight refrigeration effect.