基于Contiki的无线传感器网络平台设计与实现

Design and Realization of Wireless Sensor Network Platform Based on Contiki

无线传感器网络由大量节点组成,网络面临的问题很难全部被仿真工具描述,因而由仿真得到的无线传感器网络应当在部署之前进行物理测试。根据无线传感器网络节点的一般架构,设计完成了一批体积小、成本低、功耗低、硬件资源丰富和代码开源的无线传感器节点,组建了一个无线传感器网络实验平台。在平台上移植了Contiki操作系统管理节点的软硬件资源,设计实现了射频芯片、串行接口和温度传感器的驱动程序。采用6Low PAN协议构建自组织网络,验证了平台的节点通信半径和组网效果。试验表明该平台完整支持6Low PAN协议,采集数据的可靠性、网络的健壮性和通信半径等指标,可以满足无线传感器网络节点定位与环境变量检测等应用的需求。

Wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of nodes. It’s hard to describe all the network problems by simulation tools, thus network system which is obtained by simulation, will be tested physically before deployment. According to the general structure of wireless sensor network nodes, a batch of small volume, low cost, low power consumption, rich hardware re?source and source opened wireless sensor nodes are designed, forming a experimental platform of wireless sensor network. Then the Contiki operating system is transplanted on the platform to manage hardware and software source of nodes, and the driver of radio, serial interface and temperature sensor are designed. 6LowPAN protocol stack is used to construct the self?organizing network, shows the effect of the platform’s node communication radius and network effect are tested. The experiment results indicate that the platform supports 6LowPAN protocol, and the reliability, robustness and the communication range of sensor node can satisfy the need of the node location of wireless sensor network.