就业导向与职业发展:体育类本科专业教学改革路径研究

Employment Orientation and Profession Development: A Study on Way of Teaching Reform for Physical Education Undergraduate Majors

为了培养与技术进步、生产方式变革相适应的满足社会与市场需求的高素质体育专业人才,运用文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,对当前中国高等教育体系中体育类本科专业教学实践与学生就业状况之间存在的内在逻辑联系进行深入分析研究。研究发现:近年来,体育类本科专业发展呈现出良好态势,但同质化问题凸显,人才供需出现结构性矛盾,学生就业出现困难等问题。就业困难的根本原因在于人才培养没有做到以就业为导向。社会对新型体育人才的需求,直逼体育类专业教学改革。教学改革必须将适应社会发展、服务学生就业作为主要任务,以职业能力培养为基点,以产学结合为通道,系统设计人才培养方案,切实提高人才培养质量。以就业为导向的体育类专业教学改革有4条路径:1)人才培养的职业化取向;2)课程内容的实用化改造;3)师资团队的跨领域组合;4)教学过程的实战化模拟。基于上述教改路径,体育类专业人才培养模式将更为完善,学生就业率和就业质量将得到实质性的改善。

It is necessary to bring up high quality physical education major graduates who can adapt to technical development and production mode transformation and able to meet the demand of society and market. This paper analyzed the inner relationship between teaching practice and graduates employment of physical education undergraduate majors in nowadays China higher education system by the methods of literature review and interview. The result revealed that physical education undergraduate major has a good development in recent years,but the problem of homogenization has appeared and talent supply and demand has constructional contradiction which caused graduates employment difficulty. The essential reason of employment difficulty is that talent cultivation isn't employment-oriented. Society demand for new type sports talent forces teaching reform. Teaching reform should focus on adapting to social development and serving for graduates employment. At the same time,teaching reform should base on profession ability training,design a systematic talent cultivation scheme and improve its quality in the way of combination of production and academy. There are four ways for the employment-oriented teaching reform. The first way is professional orientation of talent cultivation,second way is utility transformation of course content,third way is cross-cutting combination of teaching group,and the forth way is to simulate actual combat in teaching process. Based on these four teaching reform ways,the mode of bringing up high quality physical education major graduates will be perfect. Meanwhile graduates employment rate and quality will be improved substantively.