基于GIS和RS的延吉市水田景观动态变化特征分析

Analysis of dynamic change of paddy field landscape with GIS and RS in Yanji City

为探究延吉市水田景观动态变化,基于RS和GIS技术,通过获取1976、1990、2000和2010年4期延吉市不同类型湿地数据,从水田总面积变化态势、水田景观的转化、水田破碎程度3个方面分析。结果表明:1)1976—2010年,延吉市水田面积大幅减少了40.08km2,1976—1990年变化最为突出,1990—2000年,延吉市水田面积增加了11.57km2,主要原因是1990—2000年降水量增加幅度较大;2)1976—2010年,水田与其他湿地间仅转化0.148km2,主要是与河流的转化,结合总体面积变化表明城市化的发展与旱田面积增大是主要影响水田面积变化的主要原因;3)1976—2010年,延吉市水田破碎程度增大,主要原因是1976—1990年改变了传统的农业生产合作方式。

With techniques of RS and GIS, using four years （1976, 1990, 2000, 2010） data of different wet lands in Yanji city, three respects of dynamic change in total area of paddy field, conversion of paddy field landscape and degree of paddy fragmentation were analyzed. The results showed that： 1）from 1976--2010,the area of paddy field in Yanji decreased by 40.08 km2 , in particular from 1976--2010, the area of paddy field was decreased substantially. In contrast, from 1990--2000, the area of paddy field increased by 11.57 km^2, mainly due to increasing of precipitation; 2）from 1990-2010, the area of paddy field in Yanji only converted 0. 148 km^2 into other wetlands, mainly conversion of rivers. Combined with overall area changes, the development of urbanization and increase of upland field area was the main reason for changes in area of paddy field; 3） from 1976--2010, the fragmentation of paddy field was increased, because local residents changed the cooperation way of traditional agricultural production.