我院药品不良反应报告评价分析

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Reports in Our Hospital

目的分析我院2013年上报国家药品不良反应监测系统的药品不良反应(ADR)报告,探讨药品ADR发生的规律及特点,以促进临床安全合理用药。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对我院2013年上报国家药品不良反应监测系统的458例ADR报告进行分类统计和分析。结果 ADR多发生于60岁以上的患者(35.2%);静脉滴注和静脉推注给药途径引发的ADR最多(80.4%),其次为口服给药(13.5%);引发ADR的药品种类以抗感染药物为主(24.9%),其中抗感染药物中以头孢菌素类为主(36.0%);ADR累及器官或系统多为皮肤及其附件(32.3%);绝大部分ADR经过相关处理后能够完全治愈或者好转(分别占56.1%和42.8%)。结论医院需要进一步加强抗感染药物及抗肿瘤药ADR的监测,注意观察中老年患者用药过程,促进临床合理用药,减少ADR的发生。

Objective To explore the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions（ ADR） in our hospital in 2013,which were reported to national adverse drug reaction monitoring system,in order to promote rational drug use in the clinic. Methods A total of 458 cases ADR in our hospital in 2013 were reported to national adverse drug reaction monitoring system,then they were classification statistics and analysis by analyzing retrospectively. Results The incidence of ADR in patients aged more than 60- year- old were the highest（ 35. 2%）,intravenous infusion and intravenous injection were the most common ADR- inducing route of administration（ 80. 4%）,followed by oral administration（ 13. 5%）,anti- infectives were the major cause of ADR in respect of drug types（ 24. 9%）,among which cephalothin ranked the first place（ 36. 0%）,the most commort symptoms of organs or systems involved in ADR were lesion of skins and its appendants（ 32. 3%）. Most of them were improved or cured（ 56. 1%,42. 8%）. Conclusion Monitoring of anti- infective drugs and anti- tumor drug ADR should be strengthened in hospital. It is important to strengthen surveillance of drug use in the elderly patients and promote rational drug use in the clinic,reduce the occurren of ADR.