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人工气道气囊压力管理研究进展 被引量:5

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摘要 如今人工气道行机械通气(mechanical ventilation,MV)已经广泛用于ICU危重症患者,是ICU主要的生命支持技术之一.气管内导管气囊压力的科学管理是机械通气治疗的重要部分,既要阻断气囊与气管壁间的漏气,又要防止气囊对气管黏膜的压迫性损伤.机械通气患者建立人工气道后口咽部污染分泌物、胃内反流物易在气管内导管气囊上积聚,通过气囊与气管周围缝隙误吸入下呼吸道,是呼吸机相关性肺炎(entilation associated pneumonia,VAP)的重要机制之一.气囊压力过低时不能保证气囊与气管壁间的密闭性,降低潮气量引起通气不足,增加VAP发生的危险性.气囊压力过高则可引起气管黏膜缺血性损伤甚至黏膜坏死、咽喉肿痛、声嘶、气管狭窄等.因此,合理的气囊压力至关重要,下面就国内外对气囊压力臂理的研究进展做一综述.
作者 吕丹 田丽
出处 《天津护理》 2014年第5期462-464,共3页 Tianjin Journal of Nursing
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