女子手球运动核心制胜技术指标的统计分析

Statistical Analysis of Technical Indicators to the Core of Women Handball

运用文献资料法、录像观察法、统计分析法、比较分析法对2012年伦敦奥运会女子手球比赛中的部分关键比赛双方球队的攻防技术指标进行统计分析.研究结果表明:(1)进攻方面,胜方在所有29项进攻指标中有21项场均值要高于负方,尤其是边锋射门得分数、突破射门次数、失误这3项指标胜负双方差异显著,边锋射门成功率差异非常显著.虽然负方在6M射门成功率、7M球次数、少打多得分数、少打多成功率要优于胜方,并且差异显著,但是从手球项目规律本身来分析,并不能说明负方比胜方进攻能力强;(2)防守方面,负方球队在9项防守技术指标中有7项场均值优于胜队,尤其是抢断这一防守技术指标,场均比负方少0.29次,差异非常显著性,但通过观看比赛录像,发现当比赛进入最后决胜阶段的时候,负方球队往往会出现防守质量下降,导致比赛的失利;(3)在守门员技术指标方面,胜方在总共16项指标中有12项要优于负方,其中总救球成功率、救9M射门次数等6项差异显著,救7M球次数与失误这2项差异非常显著性,胜负双方在守门员的技术以及临场发挥上存在一定的差距.

The aim of this study was to analyze the differences between offense and defense in technical variables during different stages in high-level female handball competitions ,in order to promote the improvement of performance of Chinese female handball athletes and provide theoretical support to some extent . Through literature study , video observation and mathematical statistics , this paper analyzed the technical variables between offense and defense in 21 games at the London Olympics .The results reveal that ：among six stages of high-level female handball competition ,apart from stage three ,other five stages have significant differences in offensive and defensive techniques between two sides .The winner have a better ability than the loser to adapt the competition quickly .At the final stage ,the loser’s defensive intensity is lower than the winner .We suggest that the team has to improve the speed and ability of adapting competition ;to have a clear tactics thinking and to build attacks gradually ;to strength the ability of using aggressive defense technology and increase the frequency of that .