不同年龄老年脑梗死患者的危险因素研究分析

Analysis on the Risk Factors of Cerebral Infarction among Elderly Patients of Different Ages

目的 探讨不同年龄老年脑梗死患者的血脂水平及其他危险因素的异同.方法 对2009年1月至2012年5月武警北京总队医院内三科收治的90例年龄在70～ 79岁脑梗死患者（低高龄组）和108例年龄≥80岁老年脑梗死患者（高龄组）的临床资料进行分析,比较两组的危险因素.结果 低高龄组患者载脂蛋白B及低密度脂蛋白水平较高龄组高（P＜0.05）.低高龄组及高龄组主要危险因素均为高血压[70（77.8％）、79（73.1％）]、心脏疾病[58（64.4％）、55（50.9％）]和糖尿病[30（40.0％）、33（30.6％）],而低高龄组危险因素中高血压（Х^2=16.162,P=0.000）、糖尿病（Х^2=13.009,P =0.000）、短暂性脑缺血发作（Х^2=26.252,P =0.000）、吸烟（Х^2=21.533,P=0.000）及酗酒（Х^2=63.377,P =0.000）的发生率均高于高龄组.结论 不同年龄老年脑梗死患者在血脂及其他危险因素方面有其特殊性,及时干预危险因素,并针对病因进行治疗,对脑梗死的预防和预后具有重要的临床价值.

Objective To investigate similarity and difference of the blood lipid level and other risk factors of cerebral infarction in old patients of different ages.Methods Clinical data of 90 patients between the age of 70 to 79（younger group） and 108 patients older than 80（elder group） with cerebral infarction admitted in Chinese People＇s Armed Police Forces Beijing Municipal Corps Hospital from Jan.2009 to May 2012 were retrospective analyzed.The blood lipid level and other risk factors were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of apolipoprotein B and low density lipoprotein of the younger group were higher than the elder group,the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）.The main risk factors of the two groups were hypertension[70（77.8%）,79（73.1%）],heart disease[58（64.4%）,55 （50.9%）]and diabetes[30（40.0%）,33 （30.6%）].While the incidence rates of hypertension（Х^2 =16.162,P =0.0001）,diabetes（Х^2 =13.0090,P =0.0003）,transient ischemic attack （Х^2 =26.252,P =0.0000）,smoking （Х^2 =21.533,P =0.0000） and drinking （Х^2 =63.377,P =0.0000）of the younger group were all higher than the elder group,the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion Elder patients of different ages have their own specific characteristics in the blood lipid level and other risk factors of cerebral infarction.Timely intervention of risk factors and etiological treatment is of great importance for the prevention and prognosis of cerebral infarction.