西方工程技术与宗教关系的阐释范型及其局限

Western Paradigms of Interpretation of Relationship between Engineering Technology & Religion and Their Limitations

工程、技术与科学是人们实证地把握世界的方式,它们与宗教、艺术等共同构成人之生存的基本建构。因此,对工程技术与宗教关系的考察不能脱离现实的人之生存实践和历史性境遇。西方学者在基督教背景下,依循总体性原则,形成既有对工程技术与宗教关系的解读范型:一是基于科学、技术与工程的内在关涉,延伸科学与宗教的对立到工程技术与宗教关系中来的"冲突说",指认工程技术与宗教分属于经济和文化领域;二是试图为工程技术寻找宗教文化根基的"相融说",强调基督教直接支撑了现代工程技术的发展,而工程技术是深层宗教文化准则的物理表达形式;三是在上述两种观点之间保有调和立场的"调和说";四是立足"协同"概念之上的工程技术与宗教的"协同说"。这些解释模式都有其一定的合理性,然而,面对当代全球化所创生的文化多元性与复杂性样态,上述寻求解释范型的普遍有效性的努力必然受到挑战与解构,与此同时,昭示出对工程技术与宗教关系的考察有待在不同文化处境化下结合特定的经济与社会背景作出具体说明。

Engineering, technology and science are people＇s way for empirically grasping the world, so they and religion constitute fundamental construction of human existence. Therefore, it can not get rid of practice and contest of historical existence of actual human being for considering the relation between engineering ＆ technology and religion. In the background of Christianity, according to principle of totality, several paradigms of interpretation about relation between engineering ＆ technology and religion are formed by western scholars as follows： （ 1 ）Theory of Conflict, namely engineering ＆ technology and religion are put on different fields;（ 2 ）Theory of Compatibility, and it emphasizes interaction from various social organizational structures;（ 3 ）Theory of Reconciling; （4） Theory of Synergy based on category of Synergy. These models of interpretation have their own rationality, but it is necessary that the relationship between engineering ＆ technology and religion will be further explained under cultural contextualization and economic and social background, because globalization creates and leads to cultural diversity and complexity in any nation nowadays, and the endeavor of universal effectivity about the paradigms of interpretations is challenged and deconstructed.