哈佛大学学院制管理中的权力运行及启示

Power Operation and Revelations in the Management of Harvard University's College System

哈佛大学学院制是世界上大学学院制的一种典型模式,在学院设置方面,专业学院设置以学科为基础,与本科生学院分离;在权力运行方面,校级行政精简,学院自主权较大,形成了学术权力与行政权力制衡的二元权力结构。结合哈佛大学学院制管理的特点和我国学院制改革的实际,我国大学实施学院制管理应该以大类学科或相邻学科整合为依据设置学院,促进学科交融和资源整合;扩大学院权力范围,激发学科活力;保证学术权力、行政权力和政党权力三元结构的良性运行。

The college system of Harvard University is a typical pattern of the world＇s college system currently.The article analysized the condition of its college＇s settings and power operation, then summarized the management features of Harvard University＇s College System： in the aspect of college setting, undergraduate colleges are separated from professional colleges, and professional colleges are set up based on the disciplines.While in the aspect of power operation, the administration of university is simplified. The college has comparatively larger autonomy, and formed a balanced binary power structure between academic power and administrative power. According to the characteristics of the management of Harvard University＇s College System and the reality of college system reform in China, universities in China should follow the three steps when practicing the college system. Firstly, colleges should be set up based on categories or adjacent disciplines, to promote the disciplinery blending and resource integration. Secondly, the scope of the college＇s power should be expanded to stimulate the discipline vitality. Lastly, the positive operation of the ternary power structure of academic power,administrative power and party power should be ensured.