北极治理的中国参与问题研究综述

A Review of China's Participation in the Arctic Governance

由于北极地区独特的地理位置以及气候环境,北极地区长期存在分界争端。近年来,气候变暖,北极地区海冰融化以及世界经济对能源和航道需求的增加使得北极地缘政治处于一个活跃期。北极地区环境保护、应对气候变化和可持续性发展等诸多问题的解决也迫在眉睫,这是北极国家和非北极国家的共同责任。中国是一个近北极国家,气候、环境和农业生产等深受北极环境变化的影响,北极航线的开辟也将对中国的经济贸易产生重大影响。针对北极治理的中国参与问题学者们进行了一定程度的研究。目前的研究成果主要呈现以下特点:在研究角度上,多集中于北极治理的法学和政治学研究上;在研究内容上,多集中于理论探讨和策略建议上,缺少实践性分析,多注重宏观层面忽视微观层面研究;从研究方法上看,重视定性研究缺乏定量研究,研究方法比较单一。未来的研究仍具有较大拓展空间,应从多角度展开研究,如人类学、社会学等,加强对已发生事件经验教训的总结以及理论的可行性探讨,加强对北极治理微观层次的研究,在研究方法上,多一些定量研究,结合我国国情进行有针对性的治理参与方式探究。

Due to the Arctic unique geography and climate ,there has been a boundary dispute in the Arctic for a long time .In recent years ,the warming climate ,melting sea ice and increasing world economic demand for energy and channel has made the Arctic geopolitics active .The Arctic environmental protec-tion ,climate changes and sustainable development ,and many other problems are extremely urgent .It is a common responsibility for the Arctic countries and the countries around the Arctic .As a country near the North Pole ,China＇s climate ,environment and agricultural production are under the influence of the Arctic environment change .The opening of the Arctic route will also have a significant impact on China＇s econom-ic trade .Chinese scholars have made some in-depth study of China＇s participation in the Arctic governance . The current research achievements have the following features ：in terms of perspectives ,more research fo-cuses on the law and politics in the Arctic governance ;in terms of content ,more on theoretical discussion and strategy suggestions without practical analysis and micro-level study ;in terms of research methods , more on qualitative research rather than quantitative research .Future research should be conducted from multiple perspectives such as anthropology and sociology ,summarize the experiences and lessons of the e-vents and theoretical feasibility study ,and focus on micro study and quantitative research .