唯物辩证法本质和核心的两种解读——卢卡奇与列宁之异同

Two New Interpretations about the Essence and Core of Materialist Dialectics:Similarities and Differences between Lukacs and Lenin

唯物辩证法又称辩证唯物主义,是马克思主义哲学的重要组成部分。马克思主义哲学产生以来,就存在一个对马克思主义哲学尤其是唯物辩证法本质的理解问题。关于唯物辩证法的本质和核心,卢卡奇认为,总体范畴(总体性)是唯物主义辩证法的本质,列宁则认为对立统一是辩证法的实质或核心。由于二人的理论传统不同,所处斗争条件不同,批判论敌的侧重点不同,决定了他们对马克思主义辩证法本质的理解存在着差异,他们的结论既有联系又有差别。

Materialist dialectics is also called dialectical materialism,which is the important part of Marxist philosophy.Since Marxist philosophy produced,there is an understanding problem about the essence of Marxist philosophy,especially of the materialist dialectics.About the essence and core, Lukacs considered that the General Categories was the materialist dialectics essence.However,Lenin thought that the unity of opposites was the essence and core of materialist dialectics.As the difference of the theoretical traditions,the struggle conditions,and the critical points,this determined the difference on the essence of the materialist dialectics.Their conclusions had similarities and differ-ences.