农地整理项目中农民受益支付与受损补偿——以湖北省5个县区为实证

Benefit of Payment and Damage Compensation of Farmers' Interests in Implementing of Agricultural Land Consolidation Projects——Based on 5 Counties in Hubei Province

农地整理项目实施中农民的受益与受损研究对完善农地整理项目投资政策和补偿政策具有重要参考作用。以湖北省5个县区为例,利用农户问卷调查数据分析农地整理实施中农民受益类型及其支付意愿、农民受损类型及其受偿意愿。研究表明:农民的受益类型包括灌排水更方便、通行更便利、投劳收入、耕地质量提升、增加耕地面积等类型,前三者较显著,后两者不明显;农民受益后的支付意愿是,绝大多数受访农民愿意为受益而义务投工或出钱,但也有少数受访农民拒绝支付;即便农民意愿采取同种支付方式,但农民之间的支付额度仍存在差别。农民利益的受损类型主要包括耕地被占用、青苗损失、耕地质量降低、田块分割、塘堰被填、祖坟迁移、房屋拆迁等损失类型,前四者的发生比例很大,后三者的发生比例较小;农民利益受损后的受偿意愿是,100%的利益受损农民认为利益受损应获得补偿;不同的利益受损类型,农民期望的受偿方式存在较大差别;不同的利益受损方面,农民意愿接受的受偿额度存在较大差距。在调整和改进农地整理项目投资政策和补偿政策时,应以农民需求和农民意愿为导向,提高农地整理项目的农户满意度。

Study on the benefits and damage of farmers ’interests in agricultural land consolidation project has important reference value for improving investment policies and compensation policies of agricultural land consolida -tion project .This paper takes 5 counties of Hubei Province as examples ,utilizes the farmers questionnaire data , analyses the types of benefit of farmers ’ interests and their willingness to pay in agricultural land consolidation pro-ject ,and types of damage of the farmers interests and their willingness to accept compensation .The results show that ,the benefit types of farmers ’ interests including ：irrigation and drainage is more convenient ,access is more convenient ,they get income by selling labor ,the quality of arable land is enhanced ,the arable area increases ,and so on .The first three types are more significant ,while the latter two types are not obvious .The overwhelming majority of the farmer-respondents will to pay labor or money after getting benefits from agricultural land consoli-dation ,only a few refuse to pay .Even though the farmers are willing to take the same kinds of payments ,there are still differences in the amounts paid betw een farmers .T he types of damage to the farmers＆#39;interests include：the arable land is occupied ,loss of crops ,the cultivated land quality decreases ,plots split ,the ponds have been filled , the graves of ancestry being migrated ,house demolition ,and so on .The proportion of occurrence of the first four types is higher ,while that of the latter three types is low .The farmers’ willingness to accept compensation after interests damaged is that 100% farmer households believe that their interests should be compensated .With differ-ent types of interests-damage ,there is large difference between the compensation modes expected by farmers .With different aspects of interests-damage ,the compensation amounts of farmers’ willingness to accept have a large gap . T herefore ,w hen the government tries to adjust and improve the investment policies and compensation policies of agricultural land consolidation project ,it must be oriented to the farmers’ needs and willingness ,and improve the farmers’ satisfaction on agricultural land consolidation project .