商标识别功能损害判定研究

tudy on Determination of Impairment to the Recognition Function of Trademark

我国商标识别功能损害判定存在结构性难题。新《商标法》实施之后,应明确"在相同商品或服务上使用相同商标的行为"构成商标侵权行为,是否产生混淆可能性在所不问。其他类型的商标侵权行为,应明确区分混淆可能性判定的必备因素和参考因素,两种因素之间是并列关系,对"商标近似"和"商品类似"的理解应回归至物理近似。混淆可能性判定是一个尽量贴近市场真实的司法过程,为提高司法判断的客观性,应对不同案件中的参考因素进行类型化研究。

There are structural problems in determination of impairment to the recognition function of trademark in China. It is necessary to make clear that the use of trademark is infringement trademark use if it is identical with other trademark and the goods or services for which it is used are identical with the goods or services for which that trademark is protected, regardless of whether there exists a likelihood of confusion. For other uses, it is necessary to distinguish between essential factors and non-essential factors, which are parallel in the determination of likelihood of confusion. The similarity to trademark and goods should be regarded as the similarity at physical level. The determination of likelihood of confusion is a judicial procedure to reflect market situation, which is necessary to consider reference factors in different cases by types, in order to improve the objectivity of judicial judgments.