国有经济发展与完善市场经济体制——“2013中国国有经济发展论坛”观点综述

The State Economic Development and Improvement of Market Economic System

十八届三中全会对国有经济的改革和发展提出了新的论断和部署。本次论坛的与会学者以此为前提,对国有经济的相关问题展开了深入的讨论。讨论内容主要涉及发展混合所有制经济的作用、取向与途径,中国国有经济的功能与当前任务的认知,中国国有经济分类改革的探索,中国国有企业治理体系的完善四个方面,学者对改革的一些争论问题进行了深入的辨析,提出了许多具有创建性和可操作性的建议。

There are new of the state-owned economy reform and development presented in the third session of the eighteen plenary. In the premise of these conclusions and deployments, participants of this forum discussed re- lated problems of state-owned economy in detail. The discussion mainly relates to the effect, orientation, and devel- opment path of mixed ownership economy, the function and task of the Chinses state-owned economy, the classifi- cation reform of Chinese state-owned economy, and the improvement of Chinese state-owned enterprises manage- ment system. Scholars have conducted in-depth analysis of some problems about the reform, putting forward many create and operable suggestions. To develop the mixed ownership economy, scholars mainly discussed three aspects of respective points. For the effect of the mixed ownership, scholars believe that the development of the mixed ownership will solve the inter- nal problems caused by different ownership economy confrontation, and alleviate debates about ownership. For the orientation of the mixed ownership, scholars consider that China should be based on its own reality and reform di- rection, clarify the development orientation of the mixed ownership economy, and avoid the orientation which agai- nest Chinese socialist characteristic. About how to develop the mixed ownership economy, the scholars reach an a- greement that the development of the mixed economy should be born in the market economy, and the administrative power should be in the secondary status. There are two achievements about the function of the Chinses state-owned economy. First, we must breaking through the parochial theory about state-owned economy function. These theories ignore the positive role of state- owned economy, put it on the opposite of the market economy. Only because the state-owned enterprises lack the natural person property rights, they get the conelution that state-owned enterprises are always low efficiency. Sec- ond, participants agree that the Chinses state-owned economy has the general function and special function. Refer- ring to the special function of the state-owned economy, conventioner have different views, such as against the eco- nomic cycle, guiding the economic development, and making the innovation into industrial products etc. About the exploration of classification of state-owned economy reform in China, participants stress that the pur- poses and methods of the classification will directly affect direction and actual effect of other reform. On one side, classification of methods should be scientific and reasonable. On the other side, we must clear the purpose of the classification reform. Some scholar divides state-owned enterprises into three categories： public welfare state-owned enterprises, competitive state-owned, and monopoly state-owned enterprises. Completely public welfare enterpri- ses, completely commercial enterprises, and the middle class, is another kind of classification method. At last, conventioner discuss how to improve the state-owned enterprises governance system. It mainly has two aspects ： internal enterprise governance structure and governance system of state-owned assets. First, the goverment must strengthen the management of state-owned enterprises managers; Second, according to the above methds of classification, the state-owned enterprises governance syste should also be classified. Third, giving full play to the staff in the role of internal governance structure. Forth, making the great effort on the innovation of the state-owned assets supervision and administration.