再论作为生态美学基本哲学立场的生态现象学

A Re-Discussion on Ecological Phenomenology as Basic Philosophical Stand of Ecological Aesthetic

当代现象学的产生与发展是为了克服现代工业革命过程中唯科技主义以及人与自然二分对立的二元论哲学观,因此整个现象学哲学都具有浓郁的生态内涵,均可称为生态现象学。生态现象学经历了产生、发展与逐渐成熟的过程;而且,生态现象学反映了当代哲学的发展方向,是一种生态文明时代的主导型哲学。从其发展来看,胡塞尔现象学是一种早期的生态现象学,到海德格尔已经是成熟形态的生态现象学,梅洛-庞蒂的身体现象学是生态现象学的新发展。生态现象学是生态存在论美学的基本方法与根本途径,胡塞尔、海德格尔与梅洛-庞蒂等也使生态存在论美学逐步深化。

The origin and development of contemporary phenomenology aims to overcome scientificoriented trend in modern industrial revolution and the dualism of man and nature. Therefore, the whole of phenomenology contains ecological connotation and can be regarded as ecological phenomenology. The latter experiences origin, development and mature process; it reflects that the development direction of modern philosophy is an ecologically guided one in an ecological civilization. In its development, phenomenology of Husserl is an early ecological phenomenology, that of Heidegger is a mature one, and the body phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty is the new development. Ecological Phenomenology is the basic way and path of the aesthetics of ecological existentialism and the three philosophers deepen the former.