运动性心理疲劳的IAT测量

An Implicit Association Test for Assessing Athlete Burnout

编制了以训练和生活情境为目标刺激,运动性心理疲劳积极/消极词为属性刺激的内隐联想测验(IAT),并通过4个研究探索其测量运动性心理疲劳的可行性。招募35名大学生运动员完成研究一"IAT重测信度检验"和研究二"假装情境对内隐测验的影响",结果表明,所编制的IAT测验具有较好的跨时间、跨情境的稳定性。研究3对67名大学生运动员施测内隐外显心理疲劳问卷,考察IAT与外显运动性心理疲劳相关变量的关系,发现图片和文字版本IAT相关显著,IAT得分与外显心理疲劳相关较弱,与运动动机相关显著,并对外显心理疲劳测验预测运动动机和训练比赛满意感有增值贡献。4对21名国家队运动员比赛前后的追踪研究发现,赛前IAT得分能够预测赛后1名教练员对运动员比赛表现的评价。总之,所编制的运动性心理疲劳IAT具有较好的信度,并能够预测部分校标,一定程度上反映了运动员的消极心理状态,但不能替代现有的外显测验。

The Implicit Association Test（IAT）was adapted to measure athlete burnout by assessing associations of training words/pictures（vs.daily-life words/pictures）with negative（vs.positive）athlete burnout words.Study 1 showed that the IAT-Burnout exhibited good retest consistency.Study 2 revealed that the IAT-Burnout was unaffected by a faking instruction.Study 3 examined the validities of implicit and explicit measures and showed that the IAT-Burnout has a weak correlation with explicit burnout measures,but was related to the sport motivation and competition satisfaction.Study 4 found that coach-rated indicators of competition performance were predicted by the IAT.Taken together,these studies show that the IAT-Burnout is a reliable measure that is able to predict some of the criterion variables.Though it cannot replace existing explicit measurements,it reflects the negative mood of athletes to some extent.