试析空间因素对俄罗斯外交的影响

An Analysis of the Space Factor's Impact on Russian Diplomacy

纵观俄罗斯的外交历史与传统,空间因素下的自然地理状况、国土疆域、资源条件和地缘政治环境均深深影响着俄罗斯人对外部世界的认识以及对周边文明的态度,并在此基础之上形成了俄罗斯人特有的安全观和发展观,对俄罗斯的外交理念、外交思想、外交战略和政策都有极其巨大的影响。空间因素是俄罗斯政治文化形成的依托和土壤。政治文化孕育了其外交思想的形成,外交思想又制约着其外交政策的决策。空间因素犹如一只看不见的手,潜在地指导并推动着俄罗斯各个不同历史发展阶段的外交进程,隐性地融入俄罗斯外交历史的传统和脉络,成为分析研究俄罗斯外交领域中极其重要的指导性原则。

Judging from Russian diplomatic history and tradition, the physical geography, territory, restrictions on resources and the environment of geopolitics under the eyes of space factor, have deeply influenced the Russians＇ understanding towards outside world and their attitude to surrounding civilizations. Based on these is a special security concept and development view of Russians, which had deep impact on Russians＇ diplomatic concept, diplomatic thinking, diplomatic strategy and diplomatic policy. The space factor is the soil in the forging of Russian political culture. Political culture cultivated its diplomatic thinking, which then restricts the choosing of diplomatic policy. The space factor likes an invisible hand, which se- cretly guides and promotes Russian diplomatic process in different stages of history and melting into the tradition and vein of Russian diplomatic history, becoming a very important guiding principle in studying Russian diplomacy.