福建永定土楼居民的环境意识与环保行为特征研究

The Environmental Awareness and Environmental Behavior Research of Inhabitants in Yongding Earth Building

旅游景区环境状况是景区吸引力的基础和重要因素.土楼作为世界文化遗产地的国家5A级景区,其旅游环境的质量和对旅游环境的保护尤为重要.土楼居民的环境意识在保护中发挥了不可替代的作用.为了研究永定土楼居民的环境意识与环保行为,文章就以永定土楼洪坑景区的居民作为调查对象,进行问卷调查.问卷结果使用SPSS和EXCEL软件进行数据分析.研究发现,永定土楼居民的环境意识得分为3.60(5分制),比Dunlap和Van Liere1978年测量的分值3.0(4分制)略低,但比洪大用2003测量的城市居民环境意识分数61.24(百分制)高出很多,也比被访者的自我评分70.82(百分制)高;永定土楼居民的环保行为得分为2.44分(3分制),环保行为的正面效应较好.永定土楼居民的环境意识与环保行为有显著的正相关关系.因此,有必要通过多途径环境教育,提高永定土楼居民的环境意识,从而促进永定土楼居民环保行为.

The environmental conditions of scenic spots are the basis and important factors of scenic attraction. As a national level of scenic spot and a world cultural heritage site, earth building＇s tourism environmental quality and protectionare the most important. And its residents＇ awareness of environmental protection has played an indispensable role in it. Tostudy the residents＇ environmental awareness and environmental behavior of the earth buildings in Yongding, the research was carried based on a questionnaire investigation of the local people in Hongkeng spot of Yongding Earth Building. Thequestionnaire results were analysed by SPSS and EXCEL software. The research showed that, these inhabitants＇ environmental consciousness score was 3.60（by 5 cents）, which was slightly less than Dunlap and Van Liere＇s data measured in 1978,but much higher than city residents environmental consciousness measured by Dayong Hong in 2003, and higher than thescore of respondents self. The environmental behavior score is 2.44 points（by 3 points） of the people. Environmental behav-ior effect is good. The environmental awareness and environmental behavior have a significantly positive correlation. There-fore, it is necessary to make environmental education through multi-channel, and raise the environmental awareness of the inhabitants of earth building, so as to promote their environmental behavior.